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Trientalis europaea

Common name:	Chickweed Wintergreen	Family:	Primulaceae
Author:	L.	Botanical references:	17
Synonyms:
Known Hazards:	None known
Range:	Northern Europe, including Britain, to northern Asia.
Habitat:	In pine woods, amongst moss in grassy places, usually rooting in humus[17].
Edibility Rating (1-5):	0	Medicinal Rating (1-5):	1

Other Common Names:	From various places around the Web, may not be correct. See below.
	Arctic Starflower [B,P], Chickweed Wintergreen [L,H], Zevenster [D],
Epithets:	From a Dictionary of Botanical Epithets
	europaea = European;
Systematics:	From a USDA Plants Database
	Order: Primulales. Primrose family

Physical Characteristics

Perennial growing to 0.25m. . It is in flower from June to July. The flowers are hermaphrodite (have both male and female organs) and are pollinated by Insects. We rate it 0/5 for edibility and 1/5 for medicinal use.

The plant prefers light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils. The plant prefers acid and neutral soils and can grow in very acid soil. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It requires moist soil.

Habitats and Possible Locations

Woodland, Dappled Shade, Shady Edge.

Edible Uses

None known

Medicinal Uses

Disclaimer

Emetic; Vulnerary.

The root is emetic[4].
The plant was formerly esteemed as an ingredient in an ointment for treating wounds[4].

Other Uses

None known

Cultivation details

We have very little information on this species and would suggest growing the plant in an acid soil in light shade[K]. See the plants native habitat for more ideas on its cultivation needs.

Propagation

Seed - we have no information for this species but suggest sowing the seed in spring in a cold frame. When they are large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and plant them out in early summer.
If you have sufficient seed it could be worthwhile trying an outdoor sowing in situ in mid spring.

Suppliers

For more details of plant suppliers please see our Suppliers Page which lists many more places to look.

Web References

Details of Medicinal Uses, Habitats, etc. in M. Grieve A Modern Herbal (1931) [4]
[H] Details of Scandanavian and European Common names in Henriette's names database
[B] Data (Latin & Common names, other references) from the BONAP's Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of the United States, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands.
[P] Data. (uses, distribution, wetland) from the USDA'a Plants database.
[HP] Links, Photos, Suppliers from Hortiplex Plant Database

References for trientalis europaea (a possible synonym).

[HP] PhotoFrom Henriette's plant pictures

References for the family Primulaceae.

[CHINA] Data Very detailed botanical/identification info. from the Flora of China.

See the PFAF Links Pages for other sources.

Also try Photos and info from the The Plants Database which has 14,000 images.

References

[K] Ken Fern
Notes from observations, tasting etc at Plants For A Future and on field trips.

[4] Grieve. A Modern Herbal. Penguin 1984 ISBN 0-14-046-440-9
Not so modern (1930's?) but lots of information, mainly temperate plants.

[17] Clapham, Tootin and Warburg. Flora of the British Isles. Cambridge University Press 1962
A very comprehensive flora, the standard reference book but it has no pictures.

Readers Comments

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Bibliography

Plant information taken from the Plants For A Future - Species Database. Copyright (c) 1997-2003.
WEB search engine by Rich Morris - Home Page- Contact Info
Blagdon Cross, Ashwater, Beaworthy, Devon, EX21 5DF, UK.
Website: www.pfaf.org Phone: 0845 458 4719/_44(0) 1208 872963

This page (UK) http://www.comp.leeds.ac.uk/cgi-bin/pfaf/arr_html?Trientalis+europaea
This page (US) http://www.ibiblio.org/pfaf/cgi-bin/arr_html?Trientalis+europaea

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We make no claims of magical effects or supernatural powers for any item in this catalog. In spite of legendary attributes or occult and craft tradition, such items are offered as curios only and beliefs concerning their magical effectiveness are related only for historical interest.