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Salix pulchra

Common name: Tealeaf Willow Family: Salicaceae
Author: Cham. Botanical references: 11, 60, 200
Synonyms: Salix planifolia pulchra ((Cham.)Argus.)
Known Hazards: None known
Range: N. Europe. N. Asia. Northern N. America.
Habitat: Stream banks, lake sides, open woods etc in north-western N. America[60].
Edibility Rating (1-5): 1Medicinal Rating (1-5):2

Other Possible Synonyms:From various places across the web, may not be correct. See below.
S. arbusculoides var. glabra[B,P] S. barclayi var. hebecarpa[B,P] S. fulcrata var. subglauca[B,P] S. phylicifolia ssp. pulchra[B,P] S. phylicifolia var. subglauca[B,P] S. phylicoides[B,P] S. planifolia ssp. pulchra[B,L,P] S. planifolia subsp. pulchra[G] S. planifolia var. yukonensis[B,P] S. pulchra var. looffiae[B,P] S. pulchra var. palmeri[B,P] S. pulchra var. yukonensis[B,P]
Other Common Names:From various places around the Web, may not be correct. See below.
Diamondleaf Willow [FEIS,L], Tealeaf Willow [P],
Epithets:From a Dictionary of Botanical Epithets
pulchra = pretty
Systematics:From a USDA Plants Database
Order: Salicales. Willow family
Noxious, Invasive and Injurious WeedsFrom USDA PLANTS database, Weeds Australia , DEFRA Injurious Weeds
Listed as noxious/invasive for: New South Wales.

Physical Characteristics

A decidious shrub growing to 1m by 1m . It is hardy to zone 2 and is not frost tender. The flowers are dioecious (individual flowers are either male or female, but only one sex is to be found on any one plant so both male and female plants must be grown if seed is required) and are pollinated by Bees. The plant not is self-fertile. We rate it 1/5 for edibility and 2/5 for medicinal use.

The plant prefers light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and can grow in heavy clay soil. The plant prefers acid and neutral soils. It cannot grow in the shade. It requires moist or wet soil.

Habitats and Possible Locations

Sunny Edge, Dappled Shade.

Edible Uses

Flowers Inner bark Leaves Tea.

Inner bark - raw or cooked[172, 177]. It can be dried, ground into a powder and then used as a thickener in soups or can be added to cereal flour for use in making bread etc. A very bitter flavour, it is a famine food that is only used when all else fails[172].
Young shoots and leaves - raw or cooked[257]. They are not very palatable[172]. The leaves and shoots can be eaten with oil to make them more palatable[257]. A good source of vitamin C, they are one of the first new leaves to be produced in the spring[257]. The leaves can be added to soups or eaten in mixed salads[257].
Catkins[177]. No more details are given.
The dried leaves have been used to make a tea[257].

Medicinal Uses

Disclaimer

Anaesthetic Anodyne Febrifuge Mouthwash.

An infusion of the leaves and bark has been used as an anaesthetic[257].The bark and the leaves have been chewed to numb the mouth and throat[257]. They have also been chewed as a treatment for mouth sores and are said to make the mouth smell good[257].
The cottony seed floss has been used to dry moist eyes[257].
The fresh bark of all members of this genus contains salicin[226], which probably decomposes into salicylic acid (closely related to aspirin) in the human body[213]. This is used as an anodyne and febrifuge[226].

Other Uses

None known

Cultivation details

Succeeds in most soils, including wet, ill-drained or intermittently flooded soils[1, 11], but prefers a damp, heavy soil in a sunny position[200]. Rarely thrives on chalk[200].
Considered to be part of S. phylicifolia by some botanists[60].
Hybridizes freely with other members of this genus[200]. Although the flowers are produced in catkins early in the year, they are pollinated by bees and other insects rather than by the wind[11].
Plants in this genus are notably susceptible to honey fungus[200].
Dioecious. Male and female plants must be grown if seed is required.

Propagation

Seed - must be surface sown as soon as it is ripe in late spring. It has a very short viability, perhaps as little as a few days.
Cuttings of mature wood of the current year's growth, November to February in a sheltered outdoor bed or planted straight into their permanent position and given a good weed-suppressing mulch. Very easy. Plant into their permanent positions in the autumn.
Cuttings of half-ripe wood, June to August in a frame. Very easy.

Suppliers

Plants For A Future is working with the following groups to try and make these plants easily available. Parts of the proceeds will be donated to   so please mention us when ordering.

Wildwood Nurseries
Lower Manor Cottage
Thornbury
Holsworthy
Devon
EX22 7DD
Email: lorna@macace.co.uk
Phone 01409 261324 Fax 01409 261324
Distribution: UK
How to order: Direct from Wildwood by email/phone
Last Updated: March 03
Item: Salix satsika (twisted willow)

For more details of plant suppliers please see our Suppliers Page which lists many more places to look.

Web References

References for Salix planifolia ssp. pulchra (a possible synonym). References for Salix planifolia subsp. pulchra (a possible synonym).
  • [G] Data (Common Names, Uses, Distribution) from the USDA/ARS NPGS's GRIN taxonomic database.

References for the family Salicaceae.

See the PFAF Links Pages for other sources.

Also try Photos and info from the The Plants Database which has 14,000 images.

References

[1] F. Chittendon. RHS Dictionary of Plants plus Supplement. 1956 Oxford University Press 1951
Comprehensive listing of species and how to grow them. Somewhat outdated, it has been replaces in 1992 by a new dictionary (see [200]).

[11] Bean. W. Trees and Shrubs Hardy in Great Britain. Vol 1 - 4 and Supplement. Murray 1981
A classic with a wealth of information on the plants, but poor on pictures.

[60] Hitchcock. C. L. Vascular Plants of the Pacific Northwest. University of Washington Press 1955
A standard flora for Western N. America with lots of information on habitat etc. Five large volumes, it is not for the casual reader.

[172] Schofield. J. J. Discovering Wild Plants - Alaska, W. Canada and the Northwest.
A nice guide to some useful plants in that area.

[177] Kunkel. G. Plants for Human Consumption. Koeltz Scientific Books 1984 ISBN 3874292169
An excellent book for the dedicated. A comprehensive listing of latin names with a brief list of edible parts.

[200] Huxley. A. The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. 1992. MacMillan Press 1992 ISBN 0-333-47494-5
Excellent and very comprehensive, though it contains a number of silly mistakes. Readable yet also very detailed.

[213] Weiner. M. A. Earth Medicine, Earth Food. Ballantine Books 1980 ISBN 0-449-90589-6
A nice book to read though it is difficult to look up individual plants since the book is divided into separate sections dealing with the different medicinal uses plus a section on edible plants. Common names are used instead of botanical.

[226] Lauriault. J. Identification Guide to the Trees of Canada Fitzhenry and Whiteside, Ontario. 1989 ISBN 0889025649
Very good on identification for non-experts, the book also has a lot of information on plant uses.

[257] Moerman. D. Native American Ethnobotany Timber Press. Oregon. 1998 ISBN 0-88192-453-9
Very comprehensive but terse guide to the native uses of plants. Excellent bibliography, fully referenced to each plant, giving a pathway to further information. Not for the casual reader.


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Plant information taken from the Plants For A Future - Species Database. Copyright (c) 1997-2003.
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