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Lolium multiflorum

Common name:	Italian Ryegrass	Family:	Gramineae
Author:	Lam.	Botanical references:	17, 50, 200
Synonyms:	Lolium perenne multiflorum ((Lam.) Parnell.), Lolium italicum
Known Hazards:	None known
Range:	Original habitat is obscure, it is naturalized in Britain.
Habitat:	Meadows, field margins and roadsides, avoiding acid soils[50].
Edibility Rating (1-5):	0	Medicinal Rating (1-5):	0

Other Possible Synonyms:	From various places across the web, may not be correct. See below.
	L. gaudinii[G] L. multiflorum var. diminutum[B,P] L. multiflorum var. muticum[B,P] L. multiflorum var. ramosum[P] L. perenne ssp. multiflorum[B,C,CAL,P] L. perenne var. aristatum[B] L. perenne var. multiflorum[B,P]
Other Common Names:	From various places around the Web, may not be correct. See below.
	Italiaans Raaigras [D], Italian Rye-grass [L], Italian Ryegrass [P,FEIS],
Epithets:	From a Dictionary of Botanical Epithets
	florum = flowered multiflorum = many flowered
Systematics:	From a USDA Plants Database
	Order: Cyperales. Renamed to Poaceae -- Grass family

Physical Characteristics

Biennial growing to 0.3m. It is hardy to zone 5 and is not frost tender. It is in flower from May to September. The flowers are hermaphrodite (have both male and female organs) and are pollinated by Wind. We rate it 0/5 for edibility and 0/5 for medicinal use.

The plant prefers light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils. The plant prefers acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils. It cannot grow in the shade. It requires moist soil.

Habitats and Possible Locations

Meadow, Cultivated Beds.

Edible Uses

None known

Medicinal Uses

Disclaimer

None known

Other Uses

Green manure.

A good green manure crop, it can be sown in autumn or spring and is often combined with clover[87].

Cultivation details

Dislikes shade.

Propagation

When growing as a green manure crop, the seed can be sown from early spring to early autumn in situ.

Suppliers

For more details of plant suppliers please see our Suppliers Page which lists many more places to look.

Web References

[G] Data (Common Names, Uses, Distribution) from the USDA/ARS NPGS's GRIN taxonomic database.
[FAO] Data (Description, Habitat, Location and Use) from the FAO's Grassland Index.
[C] Taxon data. from the CalFlora database.
[P] Data. (uses, distribution, wetland) from the USDA'a Plants database.
[FEIS] Data (Uses, Ecology, Fire Effects) from the USDA Forestry Service Fire Effects Information System.
[HP] Links, Photos, Suppliers from Hortiplex Plant Database

References for Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum (a possible synonym).

[B] Data (Latin & Common names, other references) from the BONAP's Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of the United States, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands.
[P] Data. (uses, distribution, wetland) from the USDA'a Plants database.

See the PFAF Links Pages for other sources.

Also try Photos and info from the The Plants Database which has 14,000 images.

References

[17] Clapham, Tootin and Warburg. Flora of the British Isles. Cambridge University Press 1962
A very comprehensive flora, the standard reference book but it has no pictures.

[50] ? Flora Europaea Cambridge University Press 1964
An immense work in 6 volumes (including the index). The standard reference flora for europe, it is very terse though and with very little extra information. Not for the casual reader.

[87] Woodward. L. Burge. P. Green Manures. Elm Farm Research Centre. 1982
Green manure crops for temperate areas. Quite a lot of information on a number of species.

[200] Huxley. A. The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. 1992. MacMillan Press 1992 ISBN 0-333-47494-5
Excellent and very comprehensive, though it contains a number of silly mistakes. Readable yet also very detailed.

Readers Comments

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Plant information taken from the Plants For A Future - Species Database. Copyright (c) 1997-2003.
WEB search engine by Rich Morris - Home Page- Contact Info
Blagdon Cross, Ashwater, Beaworthy, Devon, EX21 5DF, UK.
Website: www.pfaf.org Phone: 0845 458 4719/_44(0) 1208 872963

This page (UK) http://www.comp.leeds.ac.uk/cgi-bin/pfaf/arr_html?Lolium+multiflorum
This page (US) http://www.ibiblio.org/pfaf/cgi-bin/arr_html?Lolium+multiflorum

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We make no claims of magical effects or supernatural powers for any item in this catalog. In spite of legendary attributes or occult and craft tradition, such items are offered as curios only and beliefs concerning their magical effectiveness are related only for historical interest.