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Galium spurium
| Common name: |
False Cleavers |
Family: |
Rubiaceae |
| Author: |
L. |
Botanical references: |
17 |
| Synonyms: |
Galium vaillantii (DC.) |
| Known Hazards: |
None known |
| Range: |
Europe, including Britain, from Scandanavia south and east to N. Africa and W. Asia. |
| Habitat: |
Plants are doubtfully native in Britain but are well established in arable fields in Essex and in a few other scattered localities[17]. |
| Edibility Rating (1-5): |
1 | Medicinal Rating (1-5): | 2 |
| Other Possible Synonyms: | From various places across the web, may not be correct. See below. |
| G. agreste var. echinospermum[B,P]
G. aparine[B,CPHOTO,CAL,CAL,,DUTCH,E,G,H,HPIC,HORTIPLEX,L,Smap,Sn4,Sn6,P,W]
G. aparine ssp. spurium[B,P]
G. aparine var. echinospermum[B,P]
G. aparine var. intermedium[B,P]
G. aparine var. minor[B,P]
G. aparine var. vaillantii[B,P]
G. spurium var. echinospermum[B,P]
G. spurium var. vaillantii[B,P]
|
| Other Common Names: | From various places around the Web, may not be correct. See below. |
| Amor De Hortelano [E], Barweed [H], Catchweed [H], Cleavers [H,L,S,E], Cleavers Goosegrass [E], Cleever [E], Clivers [H], Eriffe [H], Everlasting Friendship [H], False Cleavers [L], Gia Mara [E], Goosebill [H], Goosegrass [L,H], Grateron [E], Grip Grass [H], Hashishat Al Af'A [E], Hayriffe [H], Hayruff [H], Hedge Clivers [E], Hedgeheriff [H], Kaz Yogurtotu [E], Kleefkruid [D], Loveman [H], Marin County Bedstraw [B,P], Mutton Chops [H], Robin-run-in-the-Grass [H], Scratweed [H], Sticky-willy [B], Stickywilly [P], Zhu Yang Yang [E], |
| Epithets: | From a Dictionary of Botanical Epithets |
|
spurium = false;
|
| Systematics: | From a USDA
Plants Database |
|
Order: Rubiales. Madder family
|
| Other Range Info: |
From the Ethnobotany Database |
|
Australia; Britain; Britain(Wales); China; Europe; France; Iraq; Kurdistan; Mexico(Mazatec); Spain; Turkey; Us; Us(Appalachia)
|
Physical Characteristics
Annual growing to 0.75m. . It is in flower in July. The flowers are hermaphrodite (have both male and female organs) and are pollinated by Flies and beetles.
The plant is self-fertile.
We rate it 1/5 for edibility and
2/5 for medicinal use.
The plant prefers light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils.
The plant prefers acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils.
It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland).
It requires dry or moist soil.
Habitats and Possible Locations
Cultivated Beds.Edible Uses
Leaves.
Leaves - raw or cooked[62]. A famine food, used as a last resort[177].
Medicinal Uses
Disclaimer
A number of species in this genus contain asperuloside, a substance
that produces coumarin and gives the scent of new-mown hay as the plant
dries[238]. Asperuloside can be converted into prostaglandins (hormone-like
compounds that stimulate the uterus and affect blood vessels), making the
genus of great interest to the pharmaceutical industry[238].
Other Uses
Dye.
A red dye is obtained from the root[168].
Cultivation details
Prefers a loose moist leafy soil in some shade[200]. Tolerates dry
soils but the leaves quickly become scorched when growing in full sun[200].
This species does not thrive in a hot climate[200].
Propagation
Seed - best sown in situ as soon as it is ripe in late summer. The seed
can also be sown in situ in the spring though it may be very slow to
germinate.
Suppliers
For more details of plant suppliers please see our Suppliers Page which lists many more places to look.
Web References
References for Galium aparine (a possible synonym).
- [H] Details of Scandanavian and European Common names in Henriette's names database
- [E] Ethnobotany Data
(common names, uses, countries) from the Ethnobotany Database.
- [V] Images
from the Vascular Plant Image Gallery of the Texas A&M Bioinformatics Working Group.
- [W] Photos
(common names, range) from the University of Washington Medicinal Herb Garden.
- [B] Data
(Latin & Common names, other references) from the BONAP's Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of the United States, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands.
- [S] Image
from the Southwest School of Botanical Medicine
- [S] SW USA Dist. Maps
from the Southwest School of Botanical Medicine
- [G] Data
(Common Names, Uses, Distribution) from the USDA/ARS NPGS's GRIN taxonomic database.
- [C] Taxon data.
from the CalFlora database.
- Images
from the CalPhoto database.
- [P] Data.
(uses, distribution, wetland) from the USDA'a Plants database.
- [S] Image
from the Southwest School of Botanical Medicine
- [HP] Links, Photos, Suppliers from Hortiplex Plant Database
References for galium aparine (a possible synonym).
References for the family Rubiaceae.
See the PFAF Links Pages for other sources.
Also try Photos and info from the The Plants Database which has 14,000 images.
[17] Clapham, Tootin and Warburg. Flora of the British Isles. Cambridge University Press 1962
A very comprehensive flora, the standard reference book but it has no pictures.
[62] Elias. T. and Dykeman. P. A Field Guide to N. American Edible Wild Plants. Van Nostrand Reinhold 1982 ISBN 0442222009
Very readable.
[168] Grae. I. Nature's Colors - Dyes from Plants. MacMillan Publishing Co. New York. 1974 ISBN 0-02-544950-8
A very good and readable book on dyeing.
[177] Kunkel. G. Plants for Human Consumption. Koeltz Scientific Books 1984 ISBN 3874292169
An excellent book for the dedicated. A comprehensive listing of latin names with a brief list of edible parts.
[200] Huxley. A. The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. 1992. MacMillan Press 1992 ISBN 0-333-47494-5
Excellent and very comprehensive, though it contains a number of silly mistakes. Readable yet also very detailed.
[238] Bown. D. Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses. Dorling Kindersley, London. 1995 ISBN 0-7513-020-31
A very well presented and informative book on herbs from around the globe. Plenty in it for both the casual reader and the serious student. Just one main quibble is the silly way of having two separate entries for each plant.
Readers Comments
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Bibliography
Plant information taken from the
Plants For A Future -
Species Database.
Copyright (c) 1997-2003.
WEB search engine by Rich Morris - Home Page- Contact Info
Blagdon Cross, Ashwater, Beaworthy, Devon, EX21 5DF, UK.
Website: www.pfaf.org Phone: 0845 458 4719/_44(0) 1208 872963 This page (UK) http://www.comp.leeds.ac.uk/cgi-bin/pfaf/arr_html?Galium+spurium
This page (US) http://www.ibiblio.org/pfaf/cgi-bin/arr_html?Galium+spurium
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