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Eupatorium maculatum
| Common name: |
Joe Pye Weed |
Family: |
Compositae |
| Author: |
L. |
Botanical references: |
43, 200 |
| Synonyms: |
|
| Known Hazards: |
None known |
| Range: |
South-eastern and Central N. America - Newfoundland to British Columbia to Washington and New York. |
| Habitat: |
Damp thickets, meadows, shores etc, usually on rich or calcareous soils from Quebec and southwards[43]. |
| Edibility Rating (1-5): |
0 | Medicinal Rating (1-5): | 2 |
| Other Possible Synonyms: | From various places across the web, may not be correct. See below. |
| E. purpureum[B,E,G,H,HPIC,HORTIPLEX,L,Sdg,Swal,P,W]
E. ternifolium[H]
E. trifolium[H]
E. verticillatum[H]
Eupatoriadelphus purpureus[G]
|
| Other Common Names: | From various places around the Web, may not be correct. See below. |
| Eupatoire D'Eau Rouge [E], Gravel Root [S,H], Gravel Root, Spotted [S], Gravelroot [H], Gravelweed [H], Gravelwort [E], Joe Pye Weed [H,E], Joe-Pye Weed [L], Joe-Pye, Spotted [S], Jopi Weed [H], Purper Leverkruid [E], Purple Boneset [H], Purple Joe Pye Weed [H], Purple-flowered Boneset [H], Queen Of The Meadow Root [H], Red Gravel [E], Roter Wasserhanf [E], Spotted Joe-Pye [S], Spotted Joe-pye-weed [B], Spotted Joepyeweed [P], Sweet-scented Joe-pye-weed [B], Sweetscented Joepyeweed [P], Trumpet Weed [L], Trumpet-weed [H], |
| Epithets: | From a Dictionary of Botanical Epithets |
|
maculatum = spotted
|
| Systematics: | From a USDA Plants Database |
|
Order: Asterales. Renamed to Asteraceae -- Aster family
|
| Other Range Info: |
From the Ethnobotany Database |
|
France
Germany Netherlands Us Us(Amerindian) Us(Appalachia) Us(Colonial)
|
Physical Characteristics
Perennial growing to 1.5m. It is hardy to zone 5. It is in flower from July to September. The flowers are hermaphrodite (have both male and female organs) and are pollinated by Insects.
The plant is self-fertile.
We rate it 0/5 for edibility and
2/5 for medicinal use.
The plant prefers light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and requires well-drained soil.
The plant prefers acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils.
It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade.
It requires moist soil.
Habitats and Possible Locations
Woodland, Dappled Shade, Shady Edge.Edible Uses
None known
Medicinal Uses
Disclaimer
Antirheumatic
Diaphoretic Diuretic Kidney.
A tea made from the whole herb is diuretic[222]. It is used in the
treatment of kidney complaints, painful urination, rheumatism etc[61, 222].
The leaves and stems are harvested in the summer before the flower buds open,
and are dried for later use[238].
A tea made from the roots is used in the treatment of fevers, colds, kidney
and liver complaints, rheumatism etc[222, 257]. It is said to have a tonic
effect upon pregnant women[257] and is also said to induce sweating[222].
Externally, a decoction of the roots is used as a wash on rheumatic
joints[257]. The roots are harvested in the autumn and dried for later
use[238].
Other Uses
Straw.
The stems have been used as straws[257].
Cultivation details
Succeeds in ordinary garden soil that is well-drained but moisture
retentive in sun or part shade[200].
This species is hardy to about -25° c[187].
Plants seem to be immune to the predations of rabbits[233].
Propagation
Seed - sow spring in a cold frame and only just cover the seed. Prick
out the seedlings into individual pots when they are large enough to handle
and plant them out into their permanent positions in the summer.
Division in spring or autumn[111]. Very easy, the clumps can be replanted
direct into their permanent positions.
Suppliers
For more details of plant suppliers please see our Suppliers Page which lists many more places to look.
Web References
References for Eupatorium purpureum (a possible synonym).
- [H] Details of Scandanavian and European Common names in Henriette's names database
- [E] Ethnobotany Data
(common names, uses, countries) from the Ethnobotany Database.
- [W] Photos
(common names, range) from the University of Washington Medicinal Herb Garden.
- [B] Data
(Latin & Common names, other references) from the BONAP's Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of the United States, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands.
- [S] Image
from the Southwest School of Botanical Medicine
- [S] Illustration
from the Southwest School of Botanical Medicine
- [G] Data
(Common Names, Uses, Distribution) from the USDA/ARS NPGS's GRIN taxonomic database.
- [P] Data.
(uses, distribution, wetland) from the USDA'a Plants database.
- [HP] Links, Photos, Suppliers from Hortiplex Plant Database
References for eupatorium purpureum (a possible synonym).
See the PFAF Links Pages for other sources.
Also try Photos and info from the The Plants Database which has 14,000 images.
[43] Fernald. M. L. Gray's Manual of Botany. American Book Co. 1950
A bit dated but good and concise flora of the eastern part of N. America.
[61] Usher. G. A Dictionary of Plants Used by Man. Constable 1974 ISBN 0094579202
Forget the sexist title, this is one of the best books on the subject. Lists a very extensive range of useful plants from around the world with very brief details of the uses. Not for the casual reader.
[111] Sanders. T. W. Popular Hardy Perennials. Collingridge 1926
A fairly wide range of perennial plants that can be grown in Britain and how to grow them.
[187] Phillips. R. & Rix. M. Perennials Volumes 1 and 2. Pan Books 1991 ISBN 0-330-30936-9
Photographs of over 3,000 species and cultivars of ornamental plants together with brief cultivation notes, details of habitat etc.
[200] Huxley. A. The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. 1992. MacMillan Press 1992 ISBN 0-333-47494-5
Excellent and very comprehensive, though it contains a number of silly mistakes. Readable yet also very detailed.
[222] Foster. S. & Duke. J. A. A Field Guide to Medicinal Plants. Eastern and Central N. America. Houghton Mifflin Co. 1990 ISBN 0395467225
A concise book dealing with almost 500 species. A line drawing of each plant is included plus colour photographs of about 100 species. Very good as a field guide, it only gives brief details about the plants medicinal properties.
[233] Thomas. G. S. Perennial Garden Plants J. M. Dent & Sons, London. 1990 ISBN 0 460 86048 8
A concise guide to a wide range of perennials. Lots of cultivation guides, very little on plant uses.
[238] Bown. D. Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses. Dorling Kindersley, London. 1995 ISBN 0-7513-020-31
A very well presented and informative book on herbs from around the globe. Plenty in it for both the casual reader and the serious student. Just one main quibble is the silly way of having two separate entries for each plant.
[257] Moerman. D. Native American Ethnobotany Timber Press. Oregon. 1998 ISBN 0-88192-453-9
Very comprehensive but terse guide to the native uses of plants. Excellent bibliography, fully referenced to each plant, giving a pathway to further information. Not for the casual reader.
Readers Comments
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Plant information taken from the
Plants For A Future -
Species Database.
Copyright (c) 1997-2003.
WEB search engine by Rich Morris - Home Page- Contact Info
Blagdon Cross, Ashwater, Beaworthy, Devon, EX21 5DF, UK.
Website: www.pfaf.org Phone: 0845 458 4719/_44(0) 1208 872963 This page (UK) http://www.comp.leeds.ac.uk/cgi-bin/pfaf/arr_html?Eupatorium+maculatum
This page (US) http://www.ibiblio.org/pfaf/cgi-bin/arr_html?Eupatorium+maculatum
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