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Citroncirus webberi

Common name:	Citrange	Family:	Rutaceae
Author:	J.W.Ingram.&H.E.Moore.	Botanical references:	200
Synonyms:
Known Hazards:	None known
Range:	A bi-generic hybrid, Citrus sinensis x Poncirus trifoliata[200].
Habitat:	Not known in the wild.
Edibility Rating (1-5):	2	Medicinal Rating (1-5):	0

Systematics:	From a USDA Plants Database
	Order: Sapindales. Rue family

Physical Characteristics

An evergreen tree. It is hardy to zone 7 and is frost tender. It is in leaf all year. The flowers are hermaphrodite (have both male and female organs). We rate it 2/5 for edibility and 0/5 for medicinal use.

The plant prefers light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils. The plant prefers acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils. It cannot grow in the shade. It requires moist soil.

Habitats and Possible Locations

Woodland, Sunny Edge, By Walls, By South Wall, By West Wall.

Cultivar 'Morton': Woodland, Sunny Edge, By Walls, By South Wall, By West Wall.

Edible Uses

Fruit.

The acid fruit can be used for drinks and marmalade[183, 200]. The fruit is 5 - 7cm in diameter[200].

Medicinal Uses

Disclaimer

None known

Other Uses

Rootstock.

This species can be used as a rootstock for the sweet orange, conferring a greater tolerance to cold weather[183].

Cultivation details

Prefers a moderately heavy loam with a generous amount of compost and sand added and a very sunny position[1, 200]. When growing plants in pots, a compost comprising equal quantities of loam and leafmould plus a little charcoal should produce good results[260]. Do not use manure since Citrus species dislike it[260]. When watering pot plants it is important to neither overwater or underwater since the plant will soon complain by turning yellow and dying. Water only when the compost is almost dry, but do not allow it to become completely dry[260].
Reasonably cold resistant, dormant plants can tolerate temperatures down to about -10°c, especially if they are grafted onto a Poncirus trifoliata rootstock[200]. The young growth in spring, even on mature plants, is frost-tender and so it is best to grow the plants in a position sheltered from the early morning sun[K].
A group of hybrids of garden origin, Poncirus trifoliata x Citrus sinensis[183]. Generally, these hybrids combine the qualities of cold hardiness and bitterness from Poncirus trifoliata with the larger more orange-like fruits of Citrus sinensis[183]. They are occasionally cultivated for their edible fruit, but more usually for their use as a rootstock, there are some named varieties[183, 200].
'Morton' has very juicy fruits and is cold resistant[200]. 'Rusk' is very juicy and much less bitter than most forms[200].

Propagation

The following notes are based on Citrus species. They are probably applicable here as well, even though this is a bi-generic hybrid, since any seed might be produced polyembrionically.

The seed is best sown in a greenhouse as soon as it ripe after thoroughly rinsing it[164, 200]. Sow stored seed in March in a greenhouse[3]. Germination usually takes place within 2 - 3 weeks at 13°c. Seedlings are liable to damp off so they must be watered with care and kept well ventilated. The seed is usually polyembrionic, two or more seedlings arise from each seed and they are genetically identical to the parent but they do not usually carry any virus that might be present in the parent plant[200]. When large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on in the greenhouse for at least three growing seasons before trying them outdoors. Plant them out in the summer and give them some protection from the cold for their first few winters outdoors.
Cuttings of half-ripe wood, July/August in a frame.
Layering in October.

Cultivars

'Rusk': The fruit is rather small and is deep orange with a reddish flush[183]. The flesh is very juicy, the flavour sprightly acid and only slightly bitter[183, 200]. A vigorous, hardy, tall-growing, productive tree[183]. An attractive ornamental, its juicy fruit approaches edibility more closely than most citranges[183].
'Morton': The medium-size fruit is up to 9mm in diameter, it has a fragrant very juicy flesh and is nearly seedless[183]. Said to be the best of the citranges for culinary use, it is valued for making lemonades and mixed drinks and is also good for pies, marmalade and jams[183]. An ornamental tree, it is much hardier than the satsuma and has been known to survive temperatures down to -11°c, though with 90% defoliation[183]. It is used as a rootstock, though it has limited commercial value[183].

Suppliers

For more details of plant suppliers please see our Suppliers Page which lists many more places to look.

Web References

[HP] Links, Photos, Suppliers from Hortiplex Plant Database

References for the family Rutaceae.

To be included in the Flora of China.

See the PFAF Links Pages for other sources.

Also try Photos and info from the The Plants Database which has 14,000 images.

References

[K] Ken Fern
Notes from observations, tasting etc at Plants For A Future and on field trips.

[1] F. Chittendon. RHS Dictionary of Plants plus Supplement. 1956 Oxford University Press 1951
Comprehensive listing of species and how to grow them. Somewhat outdated, it has been replaces in 1992 by a new dictionary (see [200]).

[3] Simmons. A. E. Growing Unusual Fruit. David and Charles 1972 ISBN 0-7153-5531-7
A very readable book with information on about 100 species that can be grown in Britain (some in greenhouses) and details on how to grow and use them.

[164] Bird. R. (Editor) Growing from Seed. Volume 4. Thompson and Morgan. 1990
Very readable magazine with lots of information on propagation. A good article on Yuccas, one on Sagebrush (Artemesia spp) and another on Chaerophyllum bulbosum.

[183] Facciola. S. Cornucopia - A Source Book of Edible Plants. Kampong Publications 1990 ISBN 0-9628087-0-9
Excellent. Contains a very wide range of conventional and unconventional food plants (including tropical) and where they can be obtained (mainly N. American nurseries but also research institutes and a lot of other nurseries from around the world.

[200] Huxley. A. The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. 1992. MacMillan Press 1992 ISBN 0-333-47494-5
Excellent and very comprehensive, though it contains a number of silly mistakes. Readable yet also very detailed.

[260] Phillips. R. & Rix. M. Conservatory and Indoor Plants Volumes 1 & 2 Pan Books, London. 1998 ISBN 0-330-37376-5
Excellent photos of over 1,100 species and cultivars with habits and cultivation details plus a few plant uses. Many species are too tender for outdoors in Britain though there are many that can be grown outside.

Readers Comments

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Plant information taken from the Plants For A Future - Species Database. Copyright (c) 1997-2003.
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